Three molecular steps of aminoglycoside ototoxicity demonstrated in outer hair cells

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Three molecular steps of aminoglycoside ototoxicity demonstrated in outer hair cells.

Previously postulated molecular mechanisms of aminoglycoside ototoxicity were investigated in outer hair cells in vitro. Cells were isolated by microdissection from the organ of Corti of the guinea pig and maintained in Hank's balanced salt solution. (1) Approx. 100 cells (the standard number per assay) bound 432 +/- 198 pmol calcium as determined with 45Ca2+ (1.2 mM). 1 mM neomycin or gentamic...

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Mechanisms of Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity and Targets of Hair Cell Protection

Aminoglycosides are commonly prescribed antibiotics with deleterious side effects to the inner ear. Due to their popular application as a result of their potent antimicrobial activities, many efforts have been undertaken to prevent aminoglycoside ototoxicity. Over the years, understanding of the antimicrobial as well as ototoxic mechanisms of aminoglycosides has increased. These mechanisms are ...

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Functional Hair Cell Mechanotransducer Channels Are Required for Aminoglycoside Ototoxicity

Aminoglycosides (AG) are commonly prescribed antibiotics with potent bactericidal activities. One main side effect is permanent sensorineural hearing loss, induced by selective inner ear sensory hair cell death. Much work has focused on AG's initiating cell death processes, however, fewer studies exist defining mechanisms of AG uptake by hair cells. The current study investigated two proposed m...

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NF-kappaB pathway protects cochlear hair cells from aminoglycoside-induced ototoxicity.

Cell death in outer hair cells of the mammalian inner ear induced by aminoglycoside antibiotics is mediated by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and can be prevented by antioxidants. The current study investigates the role of the nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB pathway in cell death or survival in adult CBA mice. Kanamycin (700 mg/kg subcutaneously, twice per day) progressively destroys hair cells but a...

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Leupeptin, a calpain inhibitor, protects inner ear hair cells from aminoglycoside ototoxicity.

Inner ear hair cells play a major role in the auditory pathway that converts sound stimulation into electrical signals, and then into a neural code. However this function is often lost by aminoglycoside ototoxicity. The injury of inner ear hair cells from aminoglycoside treatment is considered apoptosis, and caspase is an important participant in the apoptosis pathway in many organs. It has bee...

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ژورنال

عنوان ژورنال: Hearing Research

سال: 1987

ISSN: 0378-5955

DOI: 10.1016/0378-5955(87)90177-8